CSS selector: the first element after a line break
CSS Selectors: The First Element After a Line Break
In web development, you often need to apply special styling to the first element after a line break. CSS selectors can be used to achieve this effect. In this article, we’ll explain how to use CSS selectors to select the first element after a line break, and provide several code examples to illustrate this process.
1. Use the :first-line pseudo-element selector
First, we can use the :first-line pseudo-element selector to select the first inline element after a line break. This selector only works on the first line of a block-level element, not on inline elements. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
html>
<head>
<style>
p:first-line {
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com This is a paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set the color of the first line of text in the first paragraph to red. Running this code, you’ll see that the first line of text in the first paragraph has turned red.
2. Selecting the First Element Using the :first-child Selector
In addition to using the :first-line pseudo-element selector, we can also use the :first-child selector to select the first element. This selector selects the first child of a parent element. Here’s a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p:first-child {
font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set a bold font for the first p element within the first div element. Running this code will show that the text in the first paragraph is now bold.
3. Use the :nth-of-type selector to select elements of a specific type
In addition to using the :first-child selector, we can also use the :nth-of-type selector to select elements of a specific type. This selector selects the nth child element of a specific type under a parent element. Here is an example code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p:nth-of-type(2) {
color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set the color blue for the second
4. Use the :first-of-type Selector to Select the First Element of a Specific Type
In addition to using the :nth-of-type selector, we can also use the :first-of-type selector to select the first element of a specific type. This selector selects the first child of a specific type within a parent element. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p:first-of-type {
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set an italic font for the first p element within the first div element. Run this code and you’ll see the text in the first paragraph is italicized.
5. Use the :nth-child Selector to Select the Nth Child
In addition to using the :nth-of-type selector, we can also use the :nth-child selector to select the nth child element. This selector selects the nth child element of a parent element. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:nth-child(2) {
text-decoration: underline;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we underline the second child element of the first div element. Run this code and you’ll see the text in the second paragraph is underlined.
6. Select the Last Child with the :last-child Selector
In addition to selecting the first child element, we can also use the :last-child selector to select the last child element. This selector selects the last child element under a parent element. Here’s a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:last-child {
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set a yellow background color for the last child element of the first div element. Run this code and you’ll see that the background color of the last paragraph has changed to yellow.
7. Use the :nth-last-child selector to select the nth-to-last child element.
In addition to selecting the first child element, we can also use the :nth-last-child selector to select the nth-to-last child element. This selector selects the nth-to-last child element of a parent element. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:nth-last-child(2) {
font-size: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the third paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set a 20px font size for the second-to-last child element of the first div element. Running this code, you’ll see that the text in the second-to-last paragraph has a 20px font size.
8. Selecting the nth-child element using the :nth-child(n) selector
In addition to selecting child elements at a specific position, we can also use the :nth-child(n) selector to select the nth child element. This selector selects the nth child element of a parent element. Here’s a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:nth-child(odd) {
color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the third paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set the color green for odd-numbered child elements under the first div element. Run this code and you’ll see that the text in the first and third paragraphs turns green.
9. Selecting Even-Numbered Child Elements Using the :nth-child(2n) Selector
In addition to selecting child elements at specific positions, we can also use the :nth-child(2n) selector to select even-numbered child elements. This selector selects even-numbered child elements under a parent element. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:nth-child(2n) {
font-weight: bold;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the third paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we set a bold font for even-numbered child elements under the first div element. Run this code and you’ll see that the text in the second paragraph is now bold.
10. Selecting the 3nth Child Using the :nth-child(3n) Selector
In addition to selecting child elements at a specific position, we can also use the :nth-child(3n) selector to select the 3nth child element. This selector selects the 3nth child element under a parent element. Here is a sample code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div p:nth-child(3n) {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<p>This is the first paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the second paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the third paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the fourth paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
<p>This is the fifth paragraph. geek-docs.com</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Output:
In this example, we capitalize the 3nth child element of the first div element. Running this code, you’ll see that the text in the third and sixth paragraphs has been capitalized.
Through the above code, we’ve demonstrated how to use CSS selectors to select the first element after a line break. By applying these selectors effectively, we can achieve style control over elements at specific locations, making web design more flexible and diverse. We hope this article is helpful!