Python os.chmod()

The os.chmod() method in Python is used to change the permissions of a file or directory.

Syntax:

os.chmod(path, mode)

Parameters:

Path – The pathname of the file or directory.

Mode – Mode can take one of the following values:

• stat.S_ISUID: Sets the user ID at execution time.
• stat.S_ISGID: Sets the group ID at execution time.
• stat.S_ENFMT: Performs record locking.
• stat.S_ISVTX: Saves text image after execution.
• stat.S_IREAD: Read by owner.
• stat.S_IWRITE: Write by owner.
• stat.S_IEXEC: Execute by owner.
• stat.S_IRWXU: Read, write, and execute by owner.
• stat.S_IRUSR: Read by owner.
• stat.S_IWUSR: Write by owner.
• stat.S_IXUSR: Execute by owner.
• stat.S_IRWXG: Read, write, and execute by group.
• stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group.
• stat.S_IWGRP: Write by group.
• stat.S_IXGRP: Execute by group.
• stat.S_IRWXO: Read, write, and execute by others.
• stat.S_IROTH: Read by others
• stat.S_IWOTH: Write by others
• stat.S_IXOTH: Executed by others

Example 1

# Python program to explain the os.chmod() method
  
# Importing necessary libraries
import os, sys, stat
  
# Set the given file to read by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IREAD)
print("File can be read only by owner.")
  
# Set given file read by others.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IROTH)
print("File access changed, can be read by others now.")

Output:

File can be read only by owner.
File access changed, can be read by others now.

Example 2

# Python program to explain os.chmod() method
  
# importing necessary libraries
import os, sys, stat
  
# Set given file written by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IWRITE)
  
# Set given file executed by the owner.
os.chmod("/Geeks/gfg.txt", stat.S_IXUSR)
print("File can be written and executed only by owner.")

Output:

File can be written and executed only by owner.